This guide explains how to connect a RAK gateway to The Things Network (TTN) v3 using Packet Forwarder mode over the Semtech UDP GWMP protocol.
Prerequisites
Before starting, ensure you have the following items to proceed with the tutorial:
A RAK gateway running WisGateOS 2.0 or later
A LoRaWAN gateway that is connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi, Ethernet, or cellular.
A registered TTN v3 account
Register the Gateway in TTN v3
This section guides the user through the TTN registration process on the TTN console.
For detailed instructions, refer to: How to Register a RAK Gateway in TTN v3.
Configure the Gateway
Log in to the WisGateOS2 web interface of the RAK gateway.
Go to LoRa > Configuration and set Work Mode to Packet Forwarder.
Ensure the configured frequency band matches the frequency plan selected in the TTN Console.
In the Protocol field, choose Semtech UDP GWMP from the dropdown menu.
If you're using TTN's EU1 cluster, the server address and port are pre-filled, and you simply confirm them.
For other regions, update the Server address according to your TTN cluster (the port 1700 remains unchanged).
Click Save changes to apply the configuration.
Verify the Gateway Status
Go back to the TTN Console and open the gateway details page.
A blue status dot and messages like Last activity just now confirm that the gateway has successfully connected to TTN.
Troubleshooting
| ISSUE | POSSIBLE CAUSE | SOLUTION |
|---|---|---|
|
Gateway not connected to TTN
|
Internet not connected | Check Wi-Fi, Ethernet, or cellular connectivity on the gateway. |
| UDP port blocked | Ensure that the port 1700 is open on any intermediate firewall or router. | |
| Wrong frequency plan | Confirm that the frequency plan on TTN matches the one set on the gateway. |
FAQs
Can I use a UDP connection with The Things Stack?
Yes, the TTN V3 supports UDP packet forwarders, but it is deprecated and not recommended for new deployments. It lacks modern features like secure TLS communication, centralized configuration (CUPS), and efficient downlink scheduling offered by LoRa Basics Station.Is there a better way to connect my gateway to TTN v3?
Yes. LoRa Basics Station is the newer and more reliable way to connect gateways. It’s safer and works better with TTN v3.Do I need to change anything if my gateway is using an old connection type?
If it’s working, you can keep it for now, but it’s a good idea to update to the newer method when possible for better results.
Changelog
-
Version 1.1 - Added UTM links
- Date Published: 09/01/2025
-
Version 1 - How to Connect RAK Gateways to TTN v3 via UDP
- Date Published: 08/07/2025
Updated